Landslide
Landslide
A landslide (/ˈlændˌslaɪd/) is a type of geological phenomenon that involves the movement of rock, earth, or debris down a slope. Landslides can occur in any geographic area and are typically caused by a variety of factors including earthquakes, volcanic activity, changes in groundwater, and human activity.
Etymology
The term "landslide" is derived from the Old English words "land" meaning ground or soil, and "slīdan" meaning to slide. The term was first used in the 14th century to describe the downward movement of soil or rock on a slope.
Types of Landslides
There are several types of landslides, including:
- Rockfall: This occurs when rocks or boulders fall from a cliff or steep slope.
- Mudslide: This is a rapid movement of a large amount of mud down a hill or slope.
- Debris flow: This is a type of landslide that involves a mixture of water, soil, rock, and other materials.
- Earthflow: This is a slow movement of soil down a slope.
Causes of Landslides
Landslides can be triggered by a variety of natural and human-induced factors, including:
- Earthquake: The shaking of the ground during an earthquake can trigger landslides.
- Volcanic activity: The eruption of a volcano can cause landslides due to the movement of ash and other volcanic materials.
- Groundwater changes: Changes in the level of groundwater can weaken the soil and trigger landslides.
- Human activity: Activities such as deforestation, construction, and mining can destabilize the ground and cause landslides.
Related Terms
- Geology: The study of the solid Earth, including its rocks, minerals, and the processes by which they change over time.
- Slope stability: The potential of soil-covered slopes to withstand and undergo movement.
- Erosion: The process by which the surface of the Earth is worn away by the action of water, wind, or ice.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Landslide
- Wikipedia's article - Landslide
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