Lytic cycle
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Lytic Cycle
The Lytic Cycle (pronounced: /ˈlɪtɪk ˈsaɪkəl/) is a type of viral replication process that results in the destruction of the infected cell and its membrane. The term "lytic" originates from the Greek word "lysis," which means "to loosen or release."
Process
The Lytic Cycle consists of several stages: attachment, penetration, biosynthesis, maturation, and lysis.
- Attachment: The virus attaches itself to a specific receptor site on the host cell's membrane through a specific binding protein on its surface.
- Penetration: The virus injects its genetic material into the host cell.
- Biosynthesis: The host cell's metabolic machinery is used to replicate the viral genetic material and produce viral proteins.
- Maturation: The newly synthesized viral particles are assembled into complete viruses.
- Lysis: The host cell is destroyed, and the newly formed viruses are released to infect other cells.
Related Terms
- Lysogeny: A different type of viral replication cycle where the virus integrates its genetic material into the host cell's genome without causing immediate destruction of the host.
- Bacteriophage: A type of virus that infects bacteria and often uses the lytic cycle for replication.
- Virion: A complete virus particle that consists of an RNA or DNA core with a protein coat.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Lytic cycle
- Wikipedia's article - Lytic cycle
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