M phase

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M Phase

M Phase (pronounced: em phase), also known as Mitosis (pronounced: my-toe-sis), is a crucial stage in the cell cycle where cell division occurs. The term "M Phase" is derived from the German word "Mitose", which means "thread".

Etymology

The term "M Phase" is an abbreviation for "Mitotic Phase". The word "Mitotic" is derived from the Greek word "mitos" meaning "thread", referring to the thread-like appearance of chromosomes during this phase.

Description

During the M Phase, a parent cell divides into two identical daughter cells, each containing the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. This process is essential for growth, development, and repair in multicellular organisms. The M Phase consists of two main stages: Mitosis and Cytokinesis.

Mitosis is further divided into five sub-stages: Prophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase.

Cytokinesis, on the other hand, is the process where the cytoplasm of the parent cell is divided between the two newly formed daughter cells.

Related Terms

  • Cell Cycle: The series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication.
  • Mitosis: A type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus.
  • Cytokinesis: The division of a cell's cytoplasm to form two new cells during cell division.
  • Prophase: The first stage of cell division, during which the chromosomes become visible and the nuclear envelope dissolves.
  • Prometaphase: The second stage of mitosis, during which the nuclear envelope breaks down and the chromosomes condense.
  • Metaphase: The third stage of mitosis, during which the chromosomes align at the metaphase plate.
  • Anaphase: The fourth stage of mitosis, during which the sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell.
  • Telophase: The final stage of mitosis, during which the chromosomes decondense and the nuclear envelope reforms.

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