Marsh

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Marsh

Marsh (/mɑːrʃ/; from Old English mersc, "marsh") is a type of wetland that is dominated by herbaceous rather than woody plant species. Marshes can often be found at the edges of lakes and streams, where they form a transition between the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.

Etymology

The term "marsh" is derived from the Old English word mersc, and ultimately from the Proto-Germanic *mariskaz. It is akin to the Old High German marsi (swamp), the Old Norse mörk (forest), and the Gothic marisks (swamp), among others.

Characteristics

Marshes are characterized by their waterlogged soils and vegetation dominated by herbaceous plants. They are typically shallow and may be either permanent or temporary, with the water level fluctuating according to the season. The primary source of water in a marsh is from surface water or groundwater. Marshes are also often rich in biodiversity, providing habitat for a wide range of animal and plant species.

Types of Marshes

There are several types of marshes, each with its own specific characteristics and habitats. These include:

  • Salt Marshes: These are found along coastlines and are influenced by tides. They are characterized by the growth of salt-tolerant plants.
  • Freshwater Marshes: These are usually found along the banks of rivers and lakes, and are dominated by freshwater vegetation.
  • Tidal Marshes: These are found in areas with a high degree of tidal activity. They are characterized by the regular inundation of saltwater.

Related Terms

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