Mast cell stabilizers

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Mast Cell Stabilizers

Mast cell stabilizers are a type of medication used primarily to prevent or control certain allergic disorders. They block a calcium channel essential for mast cell degranulation, stabilizing the cell and thereby preventing the release of histamine and related mediators. One common mast cell stabilizer is cromolyn sodium.

Pronunciation

Mast cell stabilizers: /mæst sɛl ˈsteɪbɪlaɪzərz/

Etymology

The term "mast cell" was first used by Paul Ehrlich, a German scientist, in his 1878 doctoral thesis on the basis of their unique staining characteristics and large granules. The term "stabilizer" refers to the drug's ability to prevent these cells from releasing substances that cause allergic reactions.

Related Terms

  • Antihistamines: Medications that reduce or block histamines, the chemicals that cause allergic reactions.
  • Corticosteroids: A class of drugs that lower inflammation in the body.
  • Leukotriene inhibitors: Medications used to treat asthma and allergies.
  • Immunotherapy: A treatment that uses certain parts of a person's immune system to fight diseases.
  • Anaphylaxis: A severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction.

Usage

Mast cell stabilizers are used to prevent or control conditions such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and atopic dermatitis. They are often used when patients cannot tolerate the side effects of other treatments, or when other treatments have not been effective.

Side Effects

Common side effects of mast cell stabilizers include cough, throat irritation, and headache. Less common side effects include nausea, dizziness, and joint pain.

Precautions

Before using mast cell stabilizers, patients should inform their healthcare provider if they have any other medical conditions, especially heart disease, liver disease, or kidney disease.

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