Meige syndrome
Meige Syndrome
Meige syndrome (pronounced: mee-zhuh sin-drohm) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by involuntary muscle contractions and spasms in the face, jaw, and neck. The condition is also known as Blepharospasm-oromandibular dystonia syndrome.
Etymology
The syndrome is named after the French neurologist, Henri Meige, who first described the condition in 1910.
Symptoms
The primary symptoms of Meige syndrome include involuntary blinking, spasms of the lower face and jaw, and sometimes spasms of the tongue. The spasms may cause the mouth to pull open, shut tight, or distort the face. Other symptoms may include difficulty speaking (Dysarthria), difficulty swallowing (Dysphagia), and in some cases, spasms may affect the neck muscles (Cervical Dystonia).
Causes
The exact cause of Meige syndrome is unknown. However, it is believed to be a type of Dystonia, a broader term for a group of neurological conditions characterized by involuntary muscle contractions. Some researchers suggest that it may be related to abnormalities in the Basal Ganglia, a group of structures in the brain involved in controlling movement.
Treatment
Treatment for Meige syndrome primarily focuses on relieving symptoms. This may include medications such as Botulinum Toxin injections to reduce muscle spasms, or in severe cases, surgical procedures such as Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS).
Related Terms
- Blepharospasm: Involuntary tight closure of the eyelids.
- Oromandibular Dystonia: A form of dystonia that affects the mouth, jaw, and tongue.
- Dystonia: A movement disorder in which a person's muscles contract uncontrollably.
- Basal Ganglia: Structures in the brain controlling movement.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Meige syndrome
- Wikipedia's article - Meige syndrome
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