Methysergide
Methysergide
Methysergide (pronounced: meth-uh-SER-gide) is a medication primarily used in the prevention of migraine and cluster headaches. It is a derivative of the naturally occurring ergot alkaloids, and is chemically similar to LSD and ergotamine.
Etymology
The term "Methysergide" is derived from its chemical name, Methyl-serotonin gide. It was first synthesized in the 1950s by the Swiss pharmaceutical company Sandoz.
Usage
Methysergide is used as a prophylactic treatment for severe, chronic vascular headaches such as migraines and cluster headaches. It is not used for immediate relief of symptoms, but rather to reduce the frequency and severity of attacks when other treatments are ineffective.
Mechanism of Action
Methysergide works by blocking the action of serotonin, a neurotransmitter in the brain that is believed to be involved in the onset of migraine and cluster headaches. It is a mixed agonist-antagonist at the serotonin receptors, meaning it can both activate and block these receptors depending on the circumstances.
Side Effects
Common side effects of methysergide include nausea, abdominal pain, and dizziness. In rare cases, it can cause a serious condition known as retroperitoneal fibrosis, which is the formation of fibrous tissue in the area behind the stomach and intestines.
Related Terms
- Ergotamine: A naturally occurring ergot alkaloid that is used in the treatment of migraines.
- Serotonin: A neurotransmitter in the brain that is involved in the regulation of mood, appetite, and sleep, among other things.
- Migraine: A type of headache characterized by severe, throbbing pain, often accompanied by nausea and sensitivity to light and sound.
- Cluster headache: A type of headache characterized by severe, piercing pain on one side of the head, often around the eye.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Methysergide
- Wikipedia's article - Methysergide
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