Microphthalmos
Microphthalmos (pronounced: mi-krof-thal-mos) is a medical condition characterized by an abnormally small eye(s). It is a developmental disorder that arises due to genetic mutations or environmental factors during embryonic growth.
Etymology
The term "Microphthalmos" is derived from the Greek words "micros" meaning small, and "ophthalmos" meaning eye.
Definition
Microphthalmos is a congenital condition where one or both eyes are abnormally small. In severe cases, the eye may appear to be completely missing. This condition can occur in a variety of forms, ranging from slight smallness of the eye to complete absence of the eye tissue.
Causes
The exact cause of microphthalmos is not known, but it is believed to be due to genetic mutations or environmental factors that affect eye development during the embryonic stage. Some of the genes associated with this condition include SOX2, OTX2, PAX6, CHX10, and RAX.
Symptoms
The primary symptom of microphthalmos is an abnormally small eye. Other symptoms can include a small cornea, a shallow anterior chamber, cataracts, and nystagmus.
Treatment
Treatment for microphthalmos depends on the severity of the condition. In mild cases, cosmetic solutions like contact lenses or glasses may be used. In severe cases, surgery may be required to correct the size and shape of the eye.
Related Terms
- Anophthalmia: A condition where the eye is completely missing.
- Nanophthalmos: A condition where the eye is small, but fully formed.
- Coloboma: A condition where parts of the eye are missing.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Microphthalmos
- Wikipedia's article - Microphthalmos
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