Microtia

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Microtia (pronounced: mi-kroh-tee-uh) is a congenital deformity where the pinna (external ear) is underdeveloped. It can be unilateral, affecting one ear, or bilateral, affecting both ears.

Etymology

The term "Microtia" comes from the Greek words "micros" meaning small and "otia" meaning ear.

Classification

Microtia can be classified into four grades, depending on the severity of the deformity:

  • Grade I: Slight reduction in the size of the ear with identifiable structures and a small but present external ear canal.
  • Grade II: Partially formed ear, usually with a closed or absent external ear canal producing conductive hearing loss.
  • Grade III: Absence of the external ear with a small peanut-like vestige structure and absence of the external ear canal and ear drum.
  • Grade IV: Complete absence of the ear, also known as anotia.

Associated Conditions

Microtia is often associated with other conditions such as:

  • Treacher Collins Syndrome: A genetic disorder characterized by deformities of the ears, eyes, cheekbones, and chin.
  • Goldenhar Syndrome: A rare congenital condition characterized by abnormal development of the eye, ear and spine.
  • Hemifacial Microsomia: A condition in which the lower half of one side of the face is underdeveloped and does not grow normally.

Treatment

Treatment for Microtia often involves reconstructive surgery to create an ear that has a natural appearance. This is usually performed when the child is older and the ear has reached its full size. In some cases, a hearing aid may be used to improve hearing.

See Also

External links

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