Microtome

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Microtome

Microtome (pronunciation: /ˈmaɪkrəˌtoʊm/) is a tool used in histology and pathology to cut extremely thin slices of material, known as sections.

Etymology

The term "microtome" comes from the Greek words micros, meaning "small", and temnein, meaning "to cut".

Description

A microtome is an instrument that allows for the cutting of extremely thin slices of a specimen, often down to a few micrometers in thickness. These slices are then typically stained and observed under a microscope. The process of preparing the specimen and cutting it into thin slices is known as microtomy.

Microtomes are used in both clinical and research contexts to prepare specimens of biological material (such as tissue) for examination. They are essential tools in histology, the study of the microscopic structure of tissues, and in pathology, the study and diagnosis of disease.

Types of Microtomes

There are several types of microtomes, including the rotary microtome, the sliding microtome, and the ultramicrotome. Each type has its own specific uses and advantages.

  • Rotary Microtome: This is the most common type of microtome used in histological techniques. It operates on a rotating action to produce thin sections.
  • Sliding Microtome: This type of microtome is used for cutting large sections of tissue, such as whole organs.
  • Ultramicrotome: This microtome is used to cut extremely thin sections for electron microscopy.

Related Terms

  • Histology: The study of the microscopic structure of tissues.
  • Pathology: The study and diagnosis of disease.
  • Microtomy: The process of preparing the specimen and cutting it into thin slices.
  • Rotary Microtome: A common type of microtome used in histological techniques.
  • Sliding Microtome: A type of microtome used for cutting large sections of tissue.
  • Ultramicrotome: A microtome used to cut extremely thin sections for electron microscopy.

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