Muscarine

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Muscarine

Muscarine (pronounced: muhs-kuh-reen), also known as muscarin or muscarine chloride, is a natural product found in certain mushrooms, particularly in the genus Inocybe and Clitocybe. It is a potent agonist at muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.

Etymology

The term "muscarine" is derived from Amanita muscaria, the fly agaric mushroom from which it was first isolated in 1869 by Oswald Schmiedeberg.

Pharmacology

Muscarine mimics the action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. It is not selective and therefore affects all types of muscarinic receptors, leading to a range of physiological effects.

Symptoms of Poisoning

Muscarine poisoning can cause a variety of symptoms, including salivation, lacrimation, urination, defecation, gastrointestinal upset, and emesis (SLUDGE syndrome). Other symptoms may include bradycardia, miosis, and bronchoconstriction.

Treatment

Treatment for muscarine poisoning typically involves the administration of an anticholinergic drug such as atropine to block the effects of muscarine at muscarinic receptors.

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