Naloxone hydrochloride

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Naloxone Hydrochloride

Naloxone hydrochloride (pronounced as nal-OX-one HYE-droe-KLOR-ide) is a medication primarily used to rapidly reverse opioid overdose. It is a non-selective and competitive opioid receptor antagonist, and its rapid blockade of opioid receptors often reverses the life-threatening effects of opioid overdose.

Etymology

The term "Naloxone" is derived from N-allylnoroxymorphone. The "hydrochloride" part of the name refers to the hydrochloride salt form of the drug, which is more soluble in water and thus more easily administered than the base form.

Pharmacology

Naloxone hydrochloride works by binding to mu-opioid receptors in the brain, which are the same receptors that opioids bind to. By doing so, it displaces the opioids, reversing their effects. It is most effective when administered intravenously, but can also be given intramuscularly or intranasally.

Related Terms

  • Opioid Overdose: A condition characterized by life-threatening symptoms such as slow and shallow breathing, unconsciousness, and a slow heart rate, caused by consuming opioids in excessive amounts.
  • Opioid Receptor: A type of protein found on the surface of cells, which opioids bind to in order to produce their effects.
  • Mu-Opioid Receptor: A type of opioid receptor that is primarily responsible for the pain-relieving effects of opioids.

See Also

  • Narcan: A brand name for naloxone hydrochloride, commonly used in emergency treatment for opioid overdose.
  • Opioid Antagonist: A type of drug that blocks the effects of opioids on the brain.

External links

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