Nasal administration
Nasal administration
Nasal administration is a route of administration in which drugs are insufflated through the nose. It can be a viable alternative to oral administration, especially where vomiting or unconsciousness prevents oral intake, or where rapid absorption is desired.
Pronunciation
Nasal administration: /ˈneɪzəl ˌædmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən/
Etymology
The term "nasal administration" is derived from the Latin "nasus" meaning "nose", and the English "administration", which comes from the Latin "administratio", meaning "to serve".
Process
Nasal administration involves the introduction of a drug into the body through the nasal mucosa, the inner lining of the nose. This can be achieved through a variety of methods, including nasal sprays, nasal drops, or powders that are insufflated.
Advantages
Nasal administration has several advantages over other routes of administration. It allows for a rapid onset of action due to the high vascularisation of the nasal mucosa and its direct connection to the systemic circulation. It also bypasses the first-pass metabolism, which can increase the bioavailability of certain drugs.
Disadvantages
However, nasal administration also has some disadvantages. The nasal mucosa can be easily irritated, leading to discomfort or even damage. Some drugs may also be poorly absorbed through the nasal route, limiting its use to certain types of medication.
Related Terms
- Nasal spray: A type of medication that is sprayed into the nose.
- Nasal mucosa: The inner lining of the nose.
- First-pass metabolism: The process by which a drug is metabolized in the liver before it reaches systemic circulation.
- Bioavailability: The proportion of a drug that enters the circulation when introduced into the body and so is able to have an active effect.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Nasal administration
- Wikipedia's article - Nasal administration
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