Nitrogen narcosis

Nitrogen Narcosis (pronounced: /ˈnaɪtrədʒən nɑːrˈkoʊsɪs/) is a reversible alteration in consciousness that occurs while diving at depth. It is also known as the Martini Effect due to the euphoric state it can induce.

Etymology

The term "Nitrogen Narcosis" is derived from the Greek words "narkosis" (νάρκωσις), meaning "a numbing," and "nitrogen," a chemical element with symbol N and atomic number 7. The term was first used in the early 20th century to describe the state of stupor and unconsciousness experienced by deep-sea divers due to the increased pressure of nitrogen at depth.

Symptoms

Symptoms of nitrogen narcosis can vary widely, but often include dizziness, nausea, feelings of euphoria, and hallucinations. These symptoms can begin to occur at depths as shallow as 30 meters (98 feet).

Causes

Nitrogen narcosis is caused by the increased partial pressure of nitrogen, which occurs during deep-sea scuba diving. The high pressure causes nitrogen to dissolve more readily in the blood and tissues, which can affect the nervous system and lead to narcosis.

Prevention and Treatment

Prevention of nitrogen narcosis primarily involves limiting the depth of dives. Treatment typically involves ascending to a shallower depth, which reduces the pressure and allows the excess nitrogen to be eliminated from the body.

Related Terms

• Decompression sickness
• Hyperbaric medicine
• Scuba diving
• Underwater diving

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Nitrogen narcosis
• Wikipedia's article - Nitrogen narcosis

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