NMDA receptor

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NMDA Receptor

The NMDA receptor (pronounced: en-em-dee-ey ree-sep-tor), also known as the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, is a type of ionotropic glutamate receptor in the brain that is crucial for learning and memory.

Etymology

The term "NMDA receptor" is derived from N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), a synthetic compound that selectively binds to these receptors. The "receptor" part of the name refers to the protein's function as a receptor for neurotransmitters.

Function

The NMDA receptor is a voltage-dependent ion channel that allows for the flow of positive ions, including calcium and sodium, into the cell. This ion flow is crucial for the process of long-term potentiation, which is the strengthening of synapses based on recent patterns of activity. This process is believed to be the cellular basis for learning and memory.

Related Terms

  • Glutamate Receptors: A group of receptors in the brain that bind to glutamate, the most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter. The NMDA receptor is a type of glutamate receptor.
  • Neurotransmitters: Chemicals that transmit signals across a synapse from one neuron to another. Glutamate, which binds to the NMDA receptor, is a neurotransmitter.
  • Synapses: The junctions between two neurons where neurotransmitters are released to transmit signals.
  • Long-term Potentiation: A process that strengthens synapses based on recent patterns of activity. This process is crucial for learning and memory and is facilitated by the NMDA receptor.

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