Nocturnal enuresis

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Nocturnal Enuresis

Nocturnal enuresis (pronounced nok-TUR-nul en-yuh-REE-sis), also known as bedwetting, is a condition where an individual, usually a child, involuntarily urinates during sleep.

Etymology

The term "nocturnal enuresis" is derived from the Latin word "nocturnus" meaning "of the night" and the Greek word "enourein" which means "to urinate".

Definition

Nocturnal enuresis is defined as the involuntary release of urine during sleep. This condition is common in children, especially those under the age of seven. It is considered a problem if it persists beyond this age. There are two types of nocturnal enuresis: primary and secondary. Primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) is when a child has not yet had a prolonged period of being dry at night. Secondary nocturnal enuresis (SNE) is when a child or adult begins wetting again after having stayed dry.

Causes

The exact cause of nocturnal enuresis is not known. However, several factors may contribute to the condition. These include a small bladder, inability to recognize bladder filling when asleep, excessive urine production, and constipation. Other factors may include genetic factors, as nocturnal enuresis tends to run in families, and deep sleep, where the child does not awaken to the sensation of a full bladder.

Treatment

Treatment for nocturnal enuresis may include behavioral therapies, such as bladder training exercises and bedwetting alarms. Medications, such as desmopressin and anticholinergics, may also be used. In some cases, a combination of therapies may be most effective.

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