Opioid use disorder

Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) is a medical condition characterized by a problematic pattern of opioid use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress. It is often associated with the misuse of substances such as heroin, prescription pain relievers, and synthetic opioids like fentanyl.

Pronunciation

Opioid Use Disorder is pronounced as /ˈoʊpiɔɪd juːs dɪsˈɔːrdər/.

Etymology

The term "Opioid Use Disorder" is derived from the Greek word "opion" which means "poppy juice", and the Latin word "usus" which means "use", and "ordo" which means "condition".

Definition

Opioid Use Disorder is defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) as a problematic pattern of opioid use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress, as manifested by at least two of eleven possible symptoms, occurring within a 12-month period.

Symptoms

Symptoms of Opioid Use Disorder include:

• Opioids are often taken in larger amounts or over a longer period than was intended.
• There is a persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to cut down or control opioid use.
• A great deal of time is spent in activities necessary to obtain the opioid, use the opioid, or recover from its effects.
• Craving, or a strong desire or urge to use opioids.
• Recurrent opioid use resulting in a failure to fulfill major role obligations at work, school, or home.

Treatment

Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder often involves a combination of medication-assisted treatment (MAT) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Medications used in MAT include buprenorphine, methadone, and naltrexone.

Related Terms

• Substance Use Disorder
• Drug Addiction
• Withdrawal Syndrome
• Overdose

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Opioid use disorder
• Wikipedia's article - Opioid use disorder

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