Opisthotonus

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Opisthotonus

Opisthotonus (pronounced: oh-pis-tho-toh-nus) is a severe form of abnormal body posture that involves the back being arched and the head thrown backward. This condition is often associated with severe spasms and is commonly seen in severe cases of meningitis, tetanus, and other neurological disorders.

Etymology

The term "Opisthotonus" is derived from the Greek words "opistho," meaning "behind," and "tonus," meaning "tension." It refers to the extreme tension or spasm that forces the head and heels backward in a severe arch.

Symptoms

Symptoms of opisthotonus include severe arching of the back with the head thrown backward, muscle stiffness, and painful spasms. Other symptoms may include fever, altered mental status, and signs of neurological damage.

Causes

Opisthotonus can be caused by a variety of conditions, including severe meningitis, tetanus, encephalitis, and certain metabolic disorders. It can also occur as a result of damage to the central nervous system, such as from a stroke or traumatic brain injury.

Treatment

Treatment for opisthotonus primarily involves addressing the underlying cause. This may include antibiotics for infections, antispasmodics for muscle spasms, and other treatments as appropriate for the specific condition. In severe cases, hospitalization may be required.

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