Orthogonal
Orthogonal
Orthogonal (pronunciation: /ɔːrˈθɒɡənəl/ or-thog-uh-nuhl) is a term that originates from the Greek word 'orthogonios', which means 'right-angled'. In the medical field, it is often used to describe a relationship between two structures that are at right angles to each other.
Etymology
The term 'orthogonal' is derived from the Greek words 'orthos' meaning 'right' or 'correct', and 'gonia' meaning 'angle'. It was first used in the English language in the mid-16th century.
Related Terms
- Orthogonal projection: This is a term used in radiology to describe the process of creating an image that is a right-angle projection of a three-dimensional object.
- Orthogonal view: In medical imaging, this refers to a view that is taken at a right angle to the standard view.
- Orthogonal polarization: This is a term used in microscopy to describe the orientation of light waves in relation to each other.
Usage in Medicine
In medicine, the term 'orthogonal' is often used in the context of medical imaging. For example, in radiology, an orthogonal view is one that is taken at a right angle to the standard view. This can help to provide a more complete picture of the structure being examined.
Orthogonal views are particularly useful in the imaging of the chest, where they can help to reveal abnormalities that may not be visible in a single view. Similarly, in cardiology, orthogonal lead systems are used in electrocardiography to provide a more comprehensive view of the electrical activity of the heart.
In addition, the term 'orthogonal' is also used in the field of bioinformatics, where it refers to the concept of orthologous genes. These are genes in different species that evolved from a common ancestral gene by speciation.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Orthogonal
- Wikipedia's article - Orthogonal
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