Orthostatic hypotension

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Orthostatic Hypotension

Orthostatic hypotension (pronounced: or-tho-STAT-ic hy-po-TEN-shun), also known as postural hypotension, is a form of low blood pressure that happens when you stand up from sitting or lying down.

Etymology

The term "orthostatic" is derived from the Greek words "orthos," which means upright, and "stasis," which means standing. "Hypotension" is derived from the Greek word "hypo," meaning under, and the Latin word "tensio," meaning tension or pressure.

Definition

Orthostatic hypotension is defined as a decrease in systolic blood pressure of 20 mm Hg or a decrease in diastolic blood pressure of 10 mm Hg within three minutes of standing when compared with blood pressure from the sitting or supine position.

Symptoms

Symptoms of orthostatic hypotension include lightheadedness, weakness, blurred vision, and syncope or fainting. These symptoms occur because standing causes blood to "pool" in the legs, which can lead to a sudden drop in blood pressure.

Causes

Orthostatic hypotension can be caused by a variety of conditions, including dehydration, prolonged bed rest, pregnancy, diabetes, heart problems, burns, excessive heat, large varicose veins and certain neurological disorders.

Treatment

Treatment for orthostatic hypotension depends on the underlying cause. If the condition is caused by dehydration, for example, drinking plenty of fluids can help. In some cases, medication may be needed to treat orthostatic hypotension.

Related Terms

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