Otoliths
Otoliths
Otoliths (pronounced: /ˈoʊtəlɪθs/), also known as ear stones, are small, calcified structures found in the inner ear of vertebrates. The term "otolith" is derived from the Greek words "oto" meaning ear and "lithos" meaning stone.
Function
Otoliths play a crucial role in the vestibular system, which is responsible for maintaining balance and spatial orientation. They provide sensory input about the position and movement of the head, aiding in the perception of gravity and linear acceleration.
Structure
The otolith organs consist of the utricle and saccule, each containing a macula. The macula is a sensory epithelium covered in otoliths. These otoliths are composed of a protein matrix and calcium carbonate crystals.
Clinical Significance
Disorders of the otolith organs can lead to conditions such as vertigo, dizziness, and balance disorders. One such condition is benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), which occurs when otoliths become dislodged and move into the semicircular canals.
Related Terms
- Vestibular system
- Utricle
- Saccule
- Vertigo
- Dizziness
- Balance disorders
- Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Otoliths
- Wikipedia's article - Otoliths
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