Outer membrane
Outer Membrane
The Outer Membrane (pronunciation: /ˈaʊtər ˈmɛmbreɪn/) is a significant component of the cell envelope in Gram-negative bacteria. It serves as a protective barrier and plays a crucial role in the interaction of bacteria with their environment.
Etymology
The term "Outer Membrane" is derived from the Latin words "exter" meaning "outside" and "membrana" meaning "skin, parchment, membrane". It was first used in the context of cellular biology in the mid-20th century.
Structure
The Outer Membrane is a bilayer composed of Phospholipids and Lipopolysaccharides. The inner leaflet of the membrane is made up of phospholipids, while the outer leaflet is composed of lipopolysaccharides. This unique composition gives the Outer Membrane its characteristic properties and functions.
Function
The primary function of the Outer Membrane is to protect the cell from harmful substances in the environment, such as Antibiotics and Detergents. It also plays a role in nutrient uptake and the secretion of proteins and other molecules.
Related Terms
- Gram-negative bacteria: A group of bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation.
- Phospholipids: A class of lipids that are a major component of all cell membranes.
- Lipopolysaccharides: Large molecules consisting of a lipid and a polysaccharide joined by a covalent bond; they are found in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
- Antibiotics: Drugs that fight infections caused by bacteria.
- Detergents: Substances used for cleaning.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Outer membrane
- Wikipedia's article - Outer membrane
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