Outline of psychiatry
Outline of Psychiatry
Psychiatry (pronounced /saɪˈkaɪətri/) is a branch of medicine that focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders. The term originates from the Greek words "psyche" (soul) and "iatros" (healer).
History
The history of psychiatry reflects the changing patterns in the understanding and treatment of mental illness. The earliest known record of psychiatric treatment comes from ancient Mesopotamia, where mental disorders were thought to be caused by supernatural forces.
Branches of Psychiatry
There are several branches of psychiatry, each focusing on different aspects of mental health. These include:
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry - This branch focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders in children and adolescents.
- Geriatric Psychiatry - This branch focuses on the mental health of the elderly.
- Forensic Psychiatry - This branch applies psychiatric knowledge to legal matters.
- Addiction Psychiatry - This branch focuses on the treatment of individuals with substance use disorders.
Diagnostic Tools
Psychiatrists use a variety of tools to diagnose mental disorders. The most commonly used tool is the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), which provides criteria for the diagnosis of mental disorders.
Treatment
Treatment in psychiatry can involve a combination of medication, psychotherapy, and other therapies. Some of the most common treatments include:
- Psychotherapy - This involves talking about conditions and related issues with a mental health professional.
- Pharmacotherapy - This involves the use of medication to treat mental disorders.
- Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) - This involves a brief electrical stimulation of the brain while the patient is under anesthesia.
Related Terms
- Psychologist - A professional who studies the mind and behavior.
- Psychoanalysis - A therapeutic approach that focuses on bringing unconscious material into consciousness.
- Mental Health - A state of well-being in which an individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and is able to make a contribution to his or her community.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Outline of psychiatry
- Wikipedia's article - Outline of psychiatry
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