Oxidative deamination
Oxidative Deamination
Oxidative deamination (pronunciation: /ɒkˈsɪdətɪv diːəˈmeɪʃən/) is a biochemical process that involves the removal of an amino group from an amino acid or other compound. This process is primarily facilitated by the enzyme amino acid oxidase and results in the formation of an ammonia molecule and a keto acid.
Etymology
The term 'oxidative deamination' is derived from two words. 'Oxidative' comes from the word 'oxidation', which refers to the process of losing electrons in a chemical reaction. 'Deamination', on the other hand, is derived from the word 'amine', which is a functional group consisting of a nitrogen atom and its associated hydrogen atoms.
Process
Oxidative deamination occurs in the liver and kidney where the enzyme amino acid oxidase catalyzes the reaction. The process begins with the oxidation of the amino acid, which results in the formation of an imino acid. This imino acid is then hydrolyzed to produce a keto acid and an ammonia molecule. The ammonia is then converted into urea through the urea cycle for safe excretion from the body.
Related Terms
- Amino Acid: The building blocks of proteins, which contain an amino group and a carboxyl group.
- Amino Acid Oxidase: An enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative deamination of amino acids.
- Ammonia: A compound of nitrogen and hydrogen, which is a byproduct of oxidative deamination.
- Keto Acid: A type of organic acid that contains a carbonyl group and a carboxyl group.
- Liver: An organ in the body where oxidative deamination primarily occurs.
- Kidney: An organ in the body that also facilitates oxidative deamination.
- Urea Cycle: A cycle of biochemical reactions that produces urea from ammonia.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Oxidative deamination
- Wikipedia's article - Oxidative deamination
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