PARP inhibitor

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PARP Inhibitor

PARP inhibitors (pronunciation: /pɑːrp ɪnˈhɪbɪtər/) are a group of pharmacological inhibitors of the enzyme Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP).

Etymology

The term "PARP inhibitor" is derived from the name of the enzyme it inhibits, Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. The term "inhibitor" is used in pharmacology to describe substances that can reduce the activity of specific enzymes.

Definition

PARP inhibitors are drugs that inhibit the enzyme Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. They are used in cancer treatment, particularly for the treatment of BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation-associated breast and ovarian cancers.

Mechanism of Action

PARP inhibitors work by blocking the action of PARP, an enzyme involved in DNA repair. By inhibiting this enzyme, DNA damage in cancer cells accumulates, leading to cell death. This is particularly effective in cancers with mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes, as these cells are already deficient in a certain type of DNA repair.

Related Terms

  • Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase: An enzyme involved in DNA repair.
  • BRCA1 and BRCA2: Genes that produce proteins involved in DNA repair. Mutations in these genes are associated with an increased risk of certain cancers.
  • Pharmacology: The study of drugs and their effects on the body.
  • Cancer: A group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell growth.

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