Paroxysmal hemicrania
Paroxysmal Hemicrania
Paroxysmal hemicrania (pronunciation: puh-rok-siz-muhl hem-i-kra-nee-uh) is a rare type of headache characterized by severe, unilateral (one-sided) head pain. The term is derived from the Greek words 'paroxysmos' meaning 'sudden attack', 'hemi' meaning 'half', and 'kranion' meaning 'skull'.
Symptoms
The primary symptom of paroxysmal hemicrania is intense, throbbing pain on one side of the head, typically around the eye. Other symptoms may include tearing, redness of the eye, nasal congestion, and ptosis (drooping of the eyelid). The attacks can occur several times a day and last between 2 minutes to 30 minutes.
Causes
The exact cause of paroxysmal hemicrania is unknown. However, it is believed to be related to the trigeminal nerve, which is responsible for sensations in the face. Some researchers suggest that it may be linked to cluster headaches, as they share similar symptoms and respond to the same medications.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of paroxysmal hemicrania is primarily based on the patient's symptoms and medical history. A neurological examination may be performed to rule out other conditions. The condition is often misdiagnosed as migraine or cluster headache due to the similarity in symptoms.
Treatment
Treatment for paroxysmal hemicrania typically involves medications to reduce the frequency and severity of the attacks. The most effective treatment is indomethacin, a type of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Other treatments may include corticosteroids, calcium channel blockers, and anticonvulsants.
Prognosis
With appropriate treatment, most individuals with paroxysmal hemicrania can effectively manage their symptoms and lead a normal life. However, the condition is chronic and requires long-term management.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Paroxysmal hemicrania
- Wikipedia's article - Paroxysmal hemicrania
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