Peptide YY

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Peptide YY

Peptide YY (PYY) is a short protein that is released by cells in the ileum and colon in response to feeding. Pronounced as /ˈpepˌtīd wī wī/.

Etymology

The term "peptide" is derived from the Greek word "πεπτός" (peptos), meaning "digested", and "YY" refers to the two tyrosine residues at the C-terminal end of the molecule.

Function

Peptide YY is a member of the neuropeptide Y family of proteins. It is secreted into the bloodstream by L-cells, a type of enteroendocrine cell, in the ileum and colon in response to a meal. The release of PYY begins before nutrients are absorbed and continues after the meal. The primary function of PYY is to reduce appetite and slow the emptying of the stomach into the small intestine.

Related Terms

  • Neuropeptide Y: A 36-amino acid neuropeptide that is involved in various physiological and homeostatic processes in both the central and peripheral nervous systems.
  • Enteroendocrine cell: A type of cell found in the wall of the gut that secretes hormones into the bloodstream in response to chemical signals from the contents of the gut.
  • Appetite: The desire to eat food, felt as hunger. Appetite exists in all higher life-forms and serves to regulate adequate energy intake to maintain metabolic needs.

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