Periodic breathing
Periodic Breathing
Periodic breathing (pronunciation: /pɪˈriːədɪk ˈbriːðɪŋ/) is a pattern of breathing characterized by cyclic variations in the rate and depth of respiration.
Etymology
The term "periodic breathing" is derived from the Greek word "periodos" meaning "recurring" and the Old English word "breathian" meaning "to breathe".
Definition
Periodic breathing is a form of respiration where the depth and rate of breathing fluctuates cyclically, often between periods of apnea (cessation of breathing) and hyperpnea (abnormally deep or rapid breathing). This pattern is typically seen during sleep, but can also occur during wakefulness in certain conditions.
Types
There are two main types of periodic breathing: Cheyne-Stokes respiration and Biot's respiration. Cheyne-Stokes respiration is characterized by a gradual increase and then decrease in the volume of breaths, followed by a period of apnea. Biot's respiration, on the other hand, involves irregular periods of apnea interspersed with breaths of regular depth and frequency.
Causes
Periodic breathing can be caused by various conditions, including heart failure, stroke, and altitude sickness. It can also occur in healthy individuals during sleep, particularly during REM sleep.
Treatment
Treatment for periodic breathing typically involves addressing the underlying cause. For example, if heart failure is the cause, treatment may involve medications to improve heart function. In some cases, positive airway pressure therapy may be used to regulate breathing during sleep.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Periodic breathing
- Wikipedia's article - Periodic breathing
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