Petite mutation
Petite mutation
Petite mutation (/pəˈtiː mjuːˈteɪʃən/; from French, meaning "small mutation") is a type of genetic mutation that occurs in the mitochondrial DNA of certain yeast species, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This mutation results in the inability of the yeast cells to carry out oxidative phosphorylation, leading to a "petite" or small phenotype.
Etymology
The term "petite mutation" is derived from the French word "petite", meaning small, and the English word "mutation". It was first used in the mid-20th century by geneticists studying yeast mutations.
Characteristics
Petite mutations are characterized by a loss of functional mitochondrial DNA, which results in the inability of the yeast cells to carry out oxidative phosphorylation. This leads to a reliance on fermentation for energy production, and results in a smaller cell size, hence the term "petite".
Types
There are two main types of petite mutations: cytoplasmic petite mutations and nuclear petite mutations. Cytoplasmic petite mutations are caused by changes in the mitochondrial DNA, while nuclear petite mutations are caused by changes in the nuclear DNA.
Related Terms
- Genetic mutation
- Mitochondrial DNA
- Oxidative phosphorylation
- Fermentation
- Cytoplasmic petite mutations
- Nuclear petite mutations
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Petite mutation
- Wikipedia's article - Petite mutation
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