Phylogenomics
Phylogenomics
Phylogenomics (pronunciation: /ˌfaɪloʊdʒiːˈnoʊmɪks/) is a field of study that uses genomic data to reconstruct the evolutionary history of organisms and their genes. The term is a portmanteau of "phylogenetics" and "genomics".
Etymology
The term "Phylogenomics" is derived from the Greek words "phylon" meaning "race" or "tribe", and "genomikos" meaning "pertaining to genes". It was first used in the late 1990s to describe the use of whole-genome data in phylogenetic analyses.
Overview
Phylogenomics is an interdisciplinary field that combines techniques from molecular biology, bioinformatics, computational biology, and evolutionary biology. It uses genomic data to infer the evolutionary relationships among species or among genes within a species. This is done by comparing the sequences of entire genomes or large portions of genomes.
Phylogenomics differs from traditional phylogenetics in that it uses much larger datasets. This allows for a more comprehensive understanding of evolutionary relationships and can help to resolve conflicts in traditional phylogenetic trees.
Related Terms
- Genomics: The study of the structure, function, evolution, and mapping of genomes.
- Phylogenetics: The study of the evolutionary history and relationships among individuals or groups of organisms.
- Molecular Biology: The branch of biology that deals with the structure and function of the macromolecules essential to life.
- Bioinformatics: An interdisciplinary field that develops methods and software tools for understanding biological data, particularly when the data sets are large and complex.
- Computational Biology: The science of using biological data to develop algorithms or models to understand biological systems and relationships.
- Evolutionary Biology: The study of the origins and changes in the diversity of life over time.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Phylogenomics
- Wikipedia's article - Phylogenomics
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