Polygonatum
Polygonatum Polygonatum
Polygonatum (pronounced /ˌpɒlɪˈɡɒnətəm/), also known as Solomon's seal, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Nolinoideae. The name "Polygonatum" is derived from the Greek words "poly", meaning "many", and "gonia", meaning "knee", in reference to the jointed rhizome.
Etymology
The genus name Polygonatum comes from the ancient Greek "poly", meaning "many", and "gonia", meaning "angle". This is thought to refer to the many jointed rhizome from which the leaves emerge. The common name, Solomon's seal, is said to derive from a scar left on the rhizome after the stem dies back in autumn, which resembles the impression of a seal. The "seal" of King Solomon, a figure in biblical and qur'anic narratives, is traditionally shown as a hexagram.
Description
Polygonatum species are perennial herbs with simple, erect or arching stems and rhizomatous roots. The leaves are alternate in most species, although they may be opposite or whorled in some. The flowers are bell-shaped, greenish-white to cream, and hang in clusters from the leaf axils. The fruit is a berry that turns blue-black at maturity.
Species
There are about 63 species of Polygonatum, distributed throughout the temperate Northern Hemisphere. Some of the most well-known species include Polygonatum biflorum (Solomon's seal), Polygonatum odoratum (angular Solomon's seal), and Polygonatum multiflorum (David's harp).
Uses
Many species of Polygonatum are used in traditional medicine, particularly in Asia. They are believed to have a range of properties, including tonic, sedative, and anti-inflammatory effects. Some species are also grown as ornamental plants for their attractive foliage and flowers.
Related Terms
- Asparagaceae: The family to which Polygonatum belongs.
- Rhizome: A type of underground stem from which the leaves of Polygonatum emerge.
- Perennial: A term describing plants that live for more than two years.
- Medicinal plants: Plants that have medicinal properties.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Polygonatum
- Wikipedia's article - Polygonatum
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