Positive likelihood ratio
Positive likelihood ratio
The Positive likelihood ratio (pronunciation: pŏz′ĭ-tĭv lī′kli-ho͝od rā′shē-ō, etymology: Latin positivus, meaning "settled by agreement, positive" + Greek logikē, meaning "ratio") is a statistical term used in Evidence-based medicine and Diagnostic testing to measure the probability that a person who tests positive actually has the disease.
Definition
The Positive likelihood ratio is defined as the probability of a positive test result in those with the disease, divided by the probability of a positive test result in those without the disease. It is a measure of how much a positive test result increases the probability of having the disease.
Calculation
The Positive likelihood ratio is calculated using the formula:
- LR+ = Sensitivity / (1 - Specificity)
where Sensitivity is the proportion of true positive results (people with the disease who test positive) and Specificity is the proportion of true negative results (people without the disease who test negative).
Interpretation
A Positive likelihood ratio greater than 1 indicates that the test is associated with the disease. The higher the Positive likelihood ratio, the stronger the association with the disease. A Positive likelihood ratio of 1 means that the test does not affect the probability of the disease.
Related terms
- Negative likelihood ratio
- Pre-test probability
- Post-test probability
- Receiver operating characteristic
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Positive likelihood ratio
- Wikipedia's article - Positive likelihood ratio
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