Proctocolectomy
Proctocolectomy
Proctocolectomy (pronounced: prok-toh-koh-LEK-toh-mee) is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of the rectum and all or part of the colon. This procedure is often performed to treat diseases such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, or to prevent the development of colorectal cancer in individuals with a high risk.
Etymology
The term "proctocolectomy" is derived from the Greek words "proktos" meaning "anus" or "rectum", and "kolectomia" meaning "excision of the colon".
Procedure
A proctocolectomy can be performed using different surgical techniques, including open surgery, laparoscopic surgery, and robotic surgery. The choice of technique depends on the patient's condition, the surgeon's expertise, and the specific circumstances of the case.
Related Terms
- Colectomy: The surgical removal of all or part of the colon.
- Proctectomy: The surgical removal of the rectum.
- Ileostomy: A procedure in which the surgeon creates a new opening for the ileum, the last part of the small intestine, on the surface of the abdomen.
- Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA): A procedure often performed after a proctocolectomy to create a new rectum from a part of the small intestine.
Risks and Complications
Like any major surgery, a proctocolectomy carries risks, including infection, bleeding, and complications from anesthesia. Specific complications related to this procedure may include ileus (a temporary stoppage of bowel movements), anastomotic leak (leakage of intestinal contents due to a failure in the suturing or stapling of the anastomosis), and short bowel syndrome (a condition that can occur when a large portion of the small intestine is removed).
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Proctocolectomy
- Wikipedia's article - Proctocolectomy
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