Proximal convoluted tubules

Proximal Convoluted Tubules

Proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) (pronunciation: prox·i·mal con·vo·lut·ed tu·bules) are an integral part of the nephron, the functional unit of the kidney. The term "proximal" is derived from the Latin word 'proximus', meaning 'nearest', and "convoluted" refers to the tubule's twisted structure.

Function

The primary function of the proximal convoluted tubules is to reabsorb water and solutes from the glomerular filtrate, a liquid containing waste products that is produced in the glomerulus. This process is essential for the body to maintain its balance of water and electrolytes.

Structure

The proximal convoluted tubules are located in the renal cortex, the outer part of the kidney. They are composed of a single layer of cuboidal cells with a brush border, which increases the surface area for reabsorption.

Clinical Significance

Damage to the proximal convoluted tubules can lead to various kidney diseases, such as acute tubular necrosis and Fanconi syndrome. These conditions can cause a range of symptoms, from mild discomfort to severe kidney failure.

Related Terms

• Distal convoluted tubule
• Loop of Henle
• Renal corpuscle
• Renal tubule
• Tubular fluid

See Also

• Nephrology
• Renal physiology
• Urinary system

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Proximal convoluted tubules
• Wikipedia's article - Proximal convoluted tubules

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