Ramsay Hunt syndrome type 2

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Ramsay Hunt syndrome type 2 (pronunciation: RAM-zee hunt SIN-drome type two) is a medical condition that affects the facial nerve and the inner ear. It is also known as herpes zoster oticus due to its association with the varicella zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox and shingles.

Etymology

The syndrome is named after James Ramsay Hunt, an American neurologist who first described the condition in 1907. The term "type 2" is used to differentiate it from Ramsay Hunt syndrome type 1, which is a different condition also named after the same neurologist.

Symptoms

The primary symptoms of Ramsay Hunt syndrome type 2 include facial paralysis and a rash that may appear in the ear or mouth. Other symptoms may include hearing loss, vertigo, and tinnitus. The severity and combination of symptoms can vary from person to person.

Causes

Ramsay Hunt syndrome type 2 is caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus in the genicular ganglion, a group of nerve cells associated with the facial nerve. This reactivation is often associated with a weakened immune system, but the exact trigger is unknown.

Treatment

Treatment for Ramsay Hunt syndrome type 2 typically involves antiviral medications to combat the varicella zoster virus, as well as corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and improve the chances of full recovery. Pain management and physical therapy may also be part of the treatment plan.

Prognosis

The prognosis for Ramsay Hunt syndrome type 2 varies. Early treatment can improve the chances of full recovery, but some people may experience long-term complications such as permanent facial weakness or hearing loss.

See also

External links

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