Reverse electron flow
Reverse Electron Flow
Reverse electron flow (pronunciation: /rɪˈvɜːs ˈɛlɛktrɒn floʊ/) is a process in microbiology and biochemistry where electrons are moved against their electrochemical gradient across a biological membrane. This process is typically coupled with the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
Etymology
The term "reverse electron flow" is derived from the process it describes. In normal electron flow, electrons move down their electrochemical gradient. However, in this process, the flow is "reversed" and electrons are moved against their gradient.
Process
In reverse electron flow, electrons from a reduced electron donor are transferred to a more positive electron acceptor via an electron transport chain. This process is energetically unfavorable and requires energy, typically in the form of ATP. The energy is used to pump protons across a membrane, creating a proton gradient that can be used to drive ATP synthesis.
Related Terms
- Electron Transport Chain: A series of protein complexes that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions.
- Proton Gradient: A gradient of proton concentration across a membrane.
- Adenosine Triphosphate: A complex organic chemical that provides energy to drive many processes in living cells.
- Biological Membrane: A membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Reverse electron flow
- Wikipedia's article - Reverse electron flow
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