Ribosomal RNA

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) /rɪˈboʊsəməl ɑːrɛnˈeɪ/ is a type of RNA that, together with proteins, makes up the ribosomes, the cell's protein factories.

Etymology

The term "ribosomal RNA" is derived from the term "ribosome", which itself comes from the Greek words "ribo", meaning "a thing that moves", and "soma", meaning "body". The "RNA" part of the term stands for "ribonucleic acid", a type of molecule that plays a crucial role in the coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes.

Function

rRNA is essential for protein synthesis in all living organisms. It constitutes the predominant material within the ribosome, which is the basic machinery for translating mRNA into protein. rRNA ensures the proper alignment of the mRNA and the ribosomes during protein synthesis and catalyzes the formation of the peptide bonds between aligned amino acids during protein synthesis.

Types

There are several types of rRNA, each of which has a different function. These include 5S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and 23S rRNA in prokaryotes, and 5S rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, 18S rRNA, and 28S rRNA in eukaryotes.

Related Terms

• Protein synthesis
• mRNA
• Ribosome
• RNA
• Amino acid
• Peptide bond

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Ribosomal RNA
• Wikipedia's article - Ribosomal RNA

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