RpoB
RpoB
RpoB (pronounced as /ɑːr.poʊ.biː/) is a gene that encodes the beta subunit of RNA polymerase in bacteria. The term "RpoB" is derived from the abbreviation of "RNA polymerase beta".
Etymology
The term "RpoB" is an abbreviation of "RNA polymerase beta". "RNA" stands for ribonucleic acid, a molecule that plays a crucial role in coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes. "Polymerase" is derived from the Greek words "poly", meaning "many", and "meros", meaning "part". It refers to an enzyme that synthesizes long-chain molecules of nucleic acids. "Beta" is the second letter of the Greek alphabet, often used in science to denote the second in a series. In this case, it refers to the second subunit of the RNA polymerase enzyme.
Function
The RpoB gene encodes the beta subunit of the RNA polymerase enzyme in bacteria. This enzyme is responsible for synthesizing RNA from a DNA template, a process known as transcription. The beta subunit plays a crucial role in this process, as it is involved in the catalytic activity of the enzyme.
Related Terms
- RNA: Ribonucleic acid, a molecule that plays a crucial role in coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes.
- Polymerase: An enzyme that synthesizes long-chain molecules of nucleic acids.
- Transcription (genetics): The process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA template.
- Gene: A unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring.
- Bacteria: A type of biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on RpoB
- Wikipedia's article - RpoB
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