SDS-PAGE
SDS-PAGE (pronounced as "ess-dee-ess-page"), or Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis, is a technique widely used in biochemistry, forensics, genetics, and molecular biology to separate proteins according to their electrophoretic mobility (a function of the length of a polypeptide chain and its charge) and no other physical feature.
Etymology
The term SDS-PAGE is an acronym that stands for Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis. Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) is an anionic detergent that is used to linearize the proteins and to impart a negative charge to them. Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (PAGE) is the method by which the proteins are separated.
Procedure
The procedure of SDS-PAGE involves the following steps:
- Sample Preparation: The protein sample is prepared by mixing with SDS and a reducing agent.
- Gel Preparation: The polyacrylamide gel is prepared in a vertical gel apparatus.
- Electrophoresis: The protein sample is loaded into the wells of the gel and an electric current is applied.
- Staining and Destaining: The gel is stained to visualize the proteins and then destained to remove the background.
Related Terms
- Protein: A large molecule composed of one or more chains of amino acids in a specific order.
- Electrophoresis: A laboratory technique used to separate DNA, RNA, or protein molecules based on their size and electrical charge.
- Polyacrylamide: A synthetic resin made by polymerizing acrylamide, especially a water-soluble polymer used in gels for electrophoresis.
- Detergent: A substance that cleans or purifies, in this case, it is used to linearize proteins.
See Also
- Western blot: A widely used analytical technique used to detect specific proteins in a sample of tissue homogenate or extract.
- Isoelectric focusing: A technique for separating different molecules by differences in their isoelectric point (pI).
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on SDS-PAGE
- Wikipedia's article - SDS-PAGE
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