Salts
Salts
Salts (/sɔːlts/; from the Latin sal, meaning "salt") are ionic compounds that result from the neutralization reaction of an acid and a base. They are composed of related numbers of cations (positively charged ions) and anions (negatively charged ions) so that the product is electrically neutral (without a net charge).
Etymology
The word "salt" comes from the Old English sealt, which is derived from the Proto-Germanic *saltom. The word itself is a common noun in many Germanic languages and is cognate with similar words in other Indo-European languages.
Types of Salts
Salts can be classified into several types, including:
- Alkali Salts: These are salts that are produced from the reaction of an alkali metal with a nonmetal.
- Acid Salts: These are salts that still have replaceable hydrogen atoms from the parent acid.
- Basic Salts: These are salts that have replaceable hydroxyl ions from the parent base.
- Double Salts: These are salts that contain more than one cation or anion.
Related Terms
- Acid: An acid is a molecule or ion capable of donating a proton (hydrogen ion H+), or, alternatively, capable of forming a covalent bond with an electron pair.
- Base (chemistry): Bases are substances that, in aqueous solution, are slippery to the touch, taste astringent, change the color of indicators, react with acids to form salts, promote certain chemical reactions (base catalysis), accept protons from any proton donor, and/or contain completely or partially displaceable OH− ions.
- Ion: An ion is an atom or molecule that has a net electrical charge. Its total number of electrons is not equal to its total number of protons, giving it a net positive or negative electrical charge.
- Neutralization (chemistry): In chemistry, neutralization is a chemical reaction in which an acid and a base react quantitatively with each other.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Salts
- Wikipedia's article - Salts
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