Sandfly
Sandfly
Sandfly (pronunciation: /ˈsan(d)ˌflī/) is a common name for several species of biting insects that are known to transmit various diseases to humans. The term is often used to refer to members of the subfamily Phlebotominae within the Psychodidae family, which are responsible for the transmission of leishmaniasis, a disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania.
Etymology
The term "sandfly" is derived from the sandy habitats where these insects are commonly found. The name is a combination of the English words "sand" and "fly", referring to the insect's flying ability and its preferred habitat.
Related Terms
- Phlebotominae: A subfamily of sandflies that are vectors for the disease leishmaniasis.
- Leishmaniasis: A disease caused by protozoan parasites that are transmitted to humans by the bite of infected female phlebotomine sandflies.
- Psychodidae: The family of insects that includes the sandflies.
- Protozoan: A group of single-celled organisms, some of which can cause diseases in humans.
Diseases Transmitted by Sandflies
Sandflies are known to transmit several diseases to humans, including:
- Leishmaniasis: This disease is caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. It is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected female phlebotomine sandflies. Symptoms can range from skin ulcers to organ damage, depending on the type of leishmaniasis.
- Sandfly fever: Also known as pappataci fever or three-day fever, this is a viral disease transmitted by sandflies. Symptoms include fever, headache, and muscle pain.
Prevention and Control
Prevention and control of sandfly bites can be achieved through various methods, including the use of insect repellent, bed nets, and insecticide sprays. In areas where sandflies are prevalent, it is also recommended to avoid outdoor activities during peak sandfly activity times, typically dusk and dawn.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Sandfly
- Wikipedia's article - Sandfly
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