Serotonin syndrome
Serotonin Syndrome
Serotonin syndrome (pronounced: səˈroʊ.tə.nɪn ˈsɪn.droʊm) is a potentially life-threatening condition that can occur following an overdose of serotonergic drugs or after the combination of two serotonergic agents.
Etymology
The term "serotonin" is derived from its discovery when it was isolated in 1948 by Maurice M. Rapport and Arda Green. It was initially classified as a serum agent that affected vascular tone. The term "syndrome" is from the Greek "σύνδρομον," meaning "concurrence."
Definition
Serotonin syndrome is characterized by a range of symptoms such as agitation, restlessness, confusion, rapid heart rate, dilated pupils, loss of muscle coordination, heavy sweating, diarrhea, headache, shivering, and goosebumps. In severe cases, it can be life-threatening.
Causes
Serotonin syndrome is most often caused by the use of certain drugs. The most common include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), tricyclic antidepressants, and the recreational drug MDMA (ecstasy).
Treatment
Treatment involves discontinuing medications causing the condition and supportive care, including intravenous fluids. If symptoms are severe, hospitalization may be required.
Related Terms
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
- Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
- Tricyclic antidepressants
- MDMA (ecstasy)
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Serotonin syndrome
- Wikipedia's article - Serotonin syndrome
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