Shotgun sequencing
Shotgun Sequencing
Shotgun sequencing (pronounced: SHOT-gun SEE-kwens-ing) is a method used in Genomics to sequence long DNA strands. It was first developed in the 1970s and has since been used extensively in the Human Genome Project and other genome sequencing projects.
Etymology
The term "shotgun sequencing" is derived from the concept of a shotgun, which scatters many small projectiles in a broad and random pattern, similar to how this method breaks up DNA sequences into many small, manageable fragments.
Method
Shotgun sequencing involves breaking up DNA into random fragments, which are then sequenced to obtain reads. These reads are then assembled to form a continuous sequence. The process involves two main steps: Library preparation and Sequence assembly.
Library Preparation
In the library preparation step, the DNA is broken into random fragments. These fragments are then cloned into a vector to create a library. The library is a collection of all the fragments from the original DNA sample.
Sequence Assembly
In the sequence assembly step, the fragments from the library are sequenced. The resulting sequences, or reads, are then assembled using computer algorithms to form a continuous sequence. This is often a complex process due to the presence of repeated sequences in the DNA.
Related Terms
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Shotgun sequencing
- Wikipedia's article - Shotgun sequencing
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