Sigma receptor

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Sigma receptor

The Sigma receptor (pronunciation: /ˈsɪɡmə rɪˈsɛptər/) is a type of protein that is found in the brain and other tissues. It is involved in a variety of physiological processes and has been implicated in several diseases, including schizophrenia, depression, and cancer.

Etymology

The term "sigma" comes from the Greek letter σ, which is used in biochemistry to denote a specific type of binding site on a protein. The term "receptor" comes from the Latin "receptare", meaning "to receive", reflecting the role of these proteins in receiving signals from other cells or molecules.

Types of Sigma receptors

There are two main types of Sigma receptors: Sigma-1 and Sigma-2. Both types are involved in a variety of physiological processes, but they have different distributions in the body and different roles in disease.

Sigma-1 receptor

The Sigma-1 receptor (pronunciation: /ˈsɪɡmə wʌn rɪˈsɛptər/) is primarily found in the brain and is involved in the regulation of mood and cognition. It has been implicated in a variety of psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia and depression.

Sigma-2 receptor

The Sigma-2 receptor (pronunciation: /ˈsɪɡmə tuː rɪˈsɛptər/) is found in many different tissues, including the brain, liver, and kidneys. It is involved in cell proliferation and survival, and has been implicated in cancer.

Related terms

  • Receptor: A protein that receives signals from other cells or molecules.
  • Protein: A large molecule that performs a wide range of functions in the body.
  • Schizophrenia: A psychiatric disorder characterized by hallucinations, delusions, and cognitive impairment.
  • Depression: A mood disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness and loss of interest in activities.
  • Cancer: A group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell growth.

External links

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