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Sorafenib
Information about Sorafenib
Sorafenib is an oral multi-kinase inhibitor that is used in the therapy of advanced renal cell, liver and thyroid cancer.
Liver safety of Sorafenib
Sorafenib has been associated with a low rate of transient elevations in serum aminotransferase levels during therapy that are generally mild and asymptomatic. Sorafenib has also been linked to rare instances of clinically apparent liver injury which can be severe and even fatal.
Mechanism of action of Sorafenib
Sorafenib (soe raf’ e nib) is an orally available, small molecule, multi-specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor with activity against vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) receptors -1, -2 and -3 as well as against the receptor for platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) and several Raf kinases. Inhibition of these kinases decreases angiogenesis, which plays an important role in the growth and spread of several forms of solid tumors.
FDA approval information for Sorafenib
Sorafenib received approval for use in the United States in 2005 for therapy of advanced renal cell carcinoma, and indications were subsequently expanded to hepatocellular carcinoma in 2007 and refractory thyroid cancer in 2014.
Dosage and administration for Sorafenib
Sorafenib is available in tablets of 200 mg under the brand name Nexavar. The typical dose is 400 mg twice daily, continued until there is tumor progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Side effects of Sorafenib
Side effects are common and can include fatigue, diarrhea, anorexia, weight loss, nausea, abdominal pain, hand-foot syndrome, rash, hair loss, pruritus, bleeding and sensory neuropathy. Uncommon, but potentially severe side effects include bone marrow suppression, bleeding, venous thrombosis, gastrointestinal perforation, QTc prolongation and Stevens Johnson syndrome.
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