Vertebral column
Vertebral Column
The vertebral column, also known as the backbone or spine, is a complex structure in the anatomy of vertebrates. It is composed of a series of small bones known as vertebrae.
Pronunciation
- IPA: /ˈvɜːrtɪbəl ˈkɒləm/
Etymology
The term "vertebral column" is derived from the Latin words "vertebra", meaning joint, and "columna", meaning pillar.
Structure
The vertebral column is made up of 33 individual bones that interlock with each other to form a column. These are divided into five regions: the cervical spine, the thoracic spine, the lumbar spine, the sacrum, and the coccyx.
Function
The primary function of the vertebral column is to protect the spinal cord, which runs through the central canal of the column. It also provides structural support for the body, allowing us to stand upright, bend, and twist.
Related Terms
- Vertebrae: The individual bones that make up the vertebral column.
- Spinal cord: The bundle of nerve fibers that runs through the center of the vertebral column.
- Cervical spine: The uppermost part of the vertebral column, located in the neck.
- Thoracic spine: The middle part of the vertebral column, located in the chest area.
- Lumbar spine: The lower part of the vertebral column, located in the lower back.
- Sacrum: A large, triangular bone at the base of the spine.
- Coccyx: The final segment of the vertebral column, also known as the tailbone.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Vertebral column
- Wikipedia's article - Vertebral column
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