Spontaneous mutation
Spontaneous Mutation
Spontaneous mutation (pronunciation: /spɒnˈteɪniəs ˈmjuːteɪʃən/) is a type of mutation that occurs naturally and randomly without any specific cause or influence from external factors.
Etymology
The term "spontaneous mutation" is derived from the Latin word "sponte" meaning "of one's own accord" and the Latin word "mutatio" meaning "a changing".
Definition
A spontaneous mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that occurs without the influence of external factors such as radiation or chemicals. These mutations can occur during DNA replication, DNA repair, or other processes in the cell. They are a natural part of the genetic variation in a population and can lead to genetic diversity.
Types of Spontaneous Mutations
There are several types of spontaneous mutations, including:
- Point mutation: A change in a single base pair in the DNA sequence.
- Insertion mutation: The addition of one or more nucleotides into the DNA sequence.
- Deletion mutation: The removal of one or more nucleotides from the DNA sequence.
- Duplication mutation: A type of mutation where a section of DNA is duplicated and inserted into the genome.
Related Terms
- Genetic mutation: A change in the DNA sequence that can lead to different physical traits or diseases.
- Induced mutation: A mutation that is caused by exposure to certain chemicals or radiation.
- Germline mutation: A mutation that occurs in the germ cells and can be passed on to offspring.
- Somatic mutation: A mutation that occurs in the body cells and cannot be passed on to offspring.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Spontaneous mutation
- Wikipedia's article - Spontaneous mutation
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