Substance P
Substance P
Substance P (pronounced: /ˈsʌbstəns pi:/) is a neuropeptide, specifically an undecapeptide (a peptide composed of 11 amino acids), that functions as a neurotransmitter and a neuromodulator. It is involved in various physiological and pathological processes.
Etymology
The term "Substance P" was coined in 1931 by Ulf von Euler and John H. Gaddum. The "P" stands for "powder", as the substance was initially discovered in extracts of brain and gut tissue that were in a powdered form.
Function
Substance P is involved in the transmission of pain impulses from peripheral receptors to the central nervous system. It is also involved in the regulation of mood disorders, anxiety, stress, reinforcement, neurogenesis, respiratory rhythm, neurotoxicity, nausea, and vomiting.
Related Terms
- Neuropeptide: Any of a group of compounds that serve as neurotransmitters.
- Neurotransmitter: A substance that transmits nerve impulses across a synapse.
- Neuromodulator: A substance which modulates the activity of neurons.
- Undecapeptide: A peptide composed of 11 amino acids.
- Central Nervous System: The part of the nervous system that includes the brain and spinal cord.
- Peripheral Receptors: Sensory nerve endings that respond to various kinds of stimulation.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Substance P
- Wikipedia's article - Substance P
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