Swiss Cheese Model
Swiss Cheese Model
The Swiss Cheese Model (pronunciation: /swɪs tʃiːz ˈmɒdəl/) is a theoretical framework used in risk management and error prevention in fields such as aviation, engineering, and healthcare. It was originally proposed by British psychologist James Reason.
Etymology
The term "Swiss Cheese Model" is derived from the visual analogy of several layers of Swiss cheese, where the holes in each layer represent potential failures. The model suggests that most accidents can be prevented by a series of defenses, but like the holes in Swiss cheese, these defenses can have gaps—allowing for the possibility of an accident when all gaps align.
Concept
The Swiss Cheese Model illustrates that although many layers of defense lie between hazards and accidents, there are flaws in each layer that, if aligned, can allow the accident to occur. These flaws are represented as holes in the cheese. The holes are continually opening, shutting, and shifting their location. The presence of holes in one "slice" does not normally cause a bad outcome. Usually, an outcome will be prevented if the holes in many layers do not align.
Related Terms
- Risk Management: The process of identifying, assessing, and controlling threats to an organization's capital and earnings.
- Error Prevention: Techniques to avoid making errors in the workplace.
- James Reason: British psychologist who proposed the Swiss Cheese Model.
- Healthcare: The organized provision of medical care to individuals or a community.
- Aviation: The activities surrounding mechanical flight and the aircraft industry.
- Engineering: The use of scientific principles to design and build machines, structures, and other items.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Swiss Cheese Model
- Wikipedia's article - Swiss Cheese Model
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