Teratogens
Teratogens
Teratogens (/tɛˈrætədʒən/; from the Greek teras, meaning monster, and genes, meaning born of, produced by) are substances or environmental factors that can cause congenital abnormalities or birth defects.
Definition
Teratogens are agents that disturb the development of the embryo or fetus. They halt the pregnancy or produce a congenital malformation (a birth defect). Classes of teratogens include radiation, maternal infections, chemicals, and drugs.
Types of Teratogens
There are several types of teratogens that can cause a variety of birth defects. These include:
- Radiation: High levels of radiation can cause a variety of birth defects, including microcephaly and mental retardation.
- Chemicals: Certain chemicals, such as those found in some pesticides and industrial solvents, can cause birth defects.
- Drugs': Certain medications, such as thalidomide and isotretinoin, can cause severe birth defects.
- Infections: Certain infections during pregnancy can cause birth defects. These include rubella, cytomegalovirus, and toxoplasmosis.
Prevention
Prevention of teratogenic effects involves avoiding exposure to known teratogens, including drugs and alcohol, certain infections, and radiation. It also involves taking preventive measures, such as getting vaccinated before pregnancy and taking prenatal vitamins.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Teratogens
- Wikipedia's article - Teratogens
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